New Orleans and Hurricane Katrina
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Aerial imagery of the Ingalls Shipyard, Mississippi New Orleans 2005 Hurricane Katrina.
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Aerial imagery of the Ingalls Shipyard, Mississippi. Comparative imagery maps of Ingalls Shipyard, Mississippi. Comparative overview imagery of pre- and post-Katrina.

Hurricane Katrina
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Avondale Shipyard, LA, Imagery
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Ingalls Shipyard, MS, Imagery
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Ingalls Shipyard, Mississippi :: http://www.elslaw.com/jobsites_ms_ingalls.htm

Ingalls Shipyard Mississippi's largest private employer is Ingalls Shipbuilding. Inglalls is located where the Pascagoula River flows into the Mississippi Sound, strategically positioned for easy acces to the deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Ingalls Shipbuilding is a division of Litton Industries; the yard is also a Litton Ship Systems company. Pascagoula serves as the headquarters for Litton Ship System. This small rural Mississippi town is home of not only Ingalls but also the Litton ship Systems Full Service Center. Ships of all sorts were made at the site just outside of Pascagoula, MS; ships for the United States Navy as well as a host of commercially owned and operated vessals.

Use of the Pascagoula River initiated soon after the Civil War. Longleaf yellow pine and cypress were floated down the river to schooners waiting in the Gulf of Mexico. Pascagoula's neighboring town, Moss Point, utilized the lumber transportation by river and became the site of a thriving sawmill industry. Later in the 19th Century Pascagoula was second only to Mobile, Alabama in lumber exports on the Gulf Coast. Then, in the 20th Century the lumber trade in Pascagoula changed: Moss Point became the primary town for lumber - International Paper Company thrives there today - and Pascagoula changed its focus primarily to shipbuilding.

Shipbuilding in Pascagoula really started to boom from 1917 to 1918. World War I instigated new activity on the shores of Pascagoula. In 1938, Ingalls was well-established just in time for the Second World War. And, the wartime demand made the shipyard's production increase so much that people from all over Mississippi and western Tennessee flocked there in order to find jobs. During the Cold War years, business remained sufficient thanks to governmental contracts. The shipyard had always thrived on producing ships for commercial use too, but in the early 1950s the company diversified its yard to support the production of United States naval combatant ships. Later that decade, in 1957, Ingalls won a contract with the US Navy for the construction of 12 nuclear-powered attack submarines.

Ingalls came into the hands of Litton Industries, a California-based company, in December 1961. Expansion was needed in 1968 and Ingalls began the construction of a new shipyard. This yard resides across the Pascagoula River from the original yard on a 611-acre tract of land and includes the newly developed modular ship production system. Since the mid-1970s Ingalls has delivered many kinds of ships to the US Navy - including amphibious assault ships, submarine tenders, destroyers, ammunition ships, as well as nuclear submarines - in total, 77 major surface warships. Ingalls has been the provider of Spruance (DD 963) Multimission destroyers, Tarawa (LHA 1) Class general purpose amphibious assault ships, Kidd (DDG 993) Class guided missile destroyers, and Ticonderoga (CG 47) Class Aegis guided missile cruisers.

Currently, Ingalls is in contract for the construction of Arliegh Burke (DDG 51) Class Aegis guided missile destroyers and Wasp (LHD 1) Class multipurpose amphibious assault ships. Number 20 and 21 of the class Aegis guided missile destroyers to be constructed for the US Navy by Ingalls were awarded to the yard on December 11, 1998, including a contract of $620 million. A year later, December 1999, Ingalls was awarded a contract to build 2 additional DDG Class Aegis guided missile destroyers for the US Navy to total 23 Aegis destroyers under firm contract. On January 23, 1999, the USS Roosevelt (DDG 80) was christened at Ingalls in honor of the great works of 32nd US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. This was the first Flight 11A Aegis Destroyer to come from the hulls of Ingalls. . In November 1999 one of the newest US Navy Destroyers, USS Lassen (DDG82), was christened in honor of Commander Clyde Everett Lassen. Lassen earned a Congressional Medal of Honor for his courageous rescue in Vietnam.

Since the 1950s Ingalls has also been in the drilling rig construction business. Ingalls continues to produce these rigs at an impressive rate. In the 1980s Ingalls constructed many commercial ships some of which include 13 jackup drilling rigs, 4 submersible drilling rigs, and a self-unloading cement barge. The yard has also produced thousands of railroad hopper cars over the years. In 1996 alone Ingalls delivered 40 hopper barges to Parker Towing Company of Tuscaloosa, AL. On March 12, 1998 Ingalls signed a contract with Zentech of Houston. This contract allowed the yard to market a design for a new state-of-the-art deepwater jackup drilling rig which has been and will be continued to be used for the many drilling rig assignments at Ingalls. On April 9, 1998 Ingalls signed a contract with SEAREX, Inc. of Mandeville, LA. The contract was worth more than $30 million and requested that Ingalls build four multipurpose offshore service jackup vessels. Each of the four vessels will be 165 feet long with a 140-foot beam and will have 260-foot jackup legs enabling the ship to operate in water up to 180 feet deep. The first of the four, Trident Crusader, was delivered on July 27, 1999. The yard also has contracts in other commercial and offshore markets. Ingalls designs and constructs cruise ships as well as performs construction, outfitting, repair and overhaul of drilling rigs.

In 1977 Congress passed the US Flag Cruiseship Pilot Project Statute. The statute resulted in Project America, a project signed on March 9, 1999 by Ingalls. The project will include the modernization of the US-Flag oceangoing cruise ship fleet. This project includes the creation of more than 5000 American jobs, modernization of the US shipbuilding industrial base, an increase in revenue, a boost to tourism in Hawaii, and expansion of leisure travel as well as a chance for the US shipbuilding efforts to reenter this illustrious market. Project America specifically includes a contract between Ingalls and American Classic Voyages Company (AMCV) where Ingalls will build two 1900-passanger cruise ships with an option of a third. The first of these ships will be the first large, luxury cruise ships built in the US in 40 years.

Though full of domestic contracts, Ingalls has spread itself internationally. Being the sole US shipyard to provide new construction surface combatants to an international customer, the shipyard has delivered SA'AR 5 Class of corvettes to the Israeli Navy. In December 1997 Ingalls signed a $315 million contract with the government of Venezuela for a project that would include the overhaul and modernization of the two Venezuelan Armada frigates Mariscal Sucre (F 21) and Almirante Brion (F 22). These ships, prepared for antiair, antisurface, and antisubmarine warfare missions, are 2500-ton LUPO class frigates that were initially in service in Venezuela in 1980 and 1982, respectively. The project has occupied, at peak work efforts, as many as 1000 Ingalls employees and is still under contract.

Some of Ingalls most recent endeavors include a study contract in August 1999 for the first phase of the Navy's new T-ADC (X) Program. This program includes a new auxiliary cargo class of combat logistics force ships intended to replace the US Navy's dry stores and ammunition ships that are soon to be at the end of their commission. The preliminary plan includes construction of 12 auxiliary cargo ships over the next 6 years; this is a project that will total a $5 billion value. Another enterprise includes teaming up with leading shipbuilders to complete the second phase of the Navy's DD21 Destroyer Program. Ingalls's team members include Raytheon Company, Boeing Aircraft, and other divisions of Litton Industries. The team was asked to complete a ship concept design and to submit proposals for a full service contract award. The final announcement of this plan will be declared in May 2001. The US Navy has bestowed a great honor on the yard by naming Ingalls Shipbuilding as well as Bath Iron Works, historically a significant competitor of Ingalls, as the "DD21 Shipbuilder Alliance" and they are scheduled to produce together a total of 32 destroyers starting 2004

Ingalls's employment rate reached a height in 1977 with 25,000 employees; today employment numbers less than half of that at 10,900. In 1998 Ingalls celebrated its 60th anniversary of a long-lasting tradition of excellence. Since July 9, 1999 W. Patrick Keene was named President of Litton Ingalls Shipbuilding succeeding Jerry St. P鮠Keene had been an employee at the yard for 33 years. He had joined the company as a test engineer and worked his way to Director of Operations in 1980 and on to Vice President of all manufacturing in 1982. Keene's list of accomplishments is long and has continued to guide Ingalls in the right path. St P鬠after finishing his term as president of Ingalls Shipbuilding, was named and resides today as Executive Vice President of Litton Industries and Chief Operating Officer of Litton Ship Systems. Ingalls is undergoing a major expansion plan. In February Ingalls announced that a new gentry cane would be added to the yard. More recently Ingalls has planned to upgrade the yard by laying a cement foundation that will increase, by over 300,000 square feet, the amount of covered working area at the yard. According to the Operations Vice President Paul Robinson the upgrade will entertain a new cruise ship project and all the ongoing US Navy Work.
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